19.over
(1)He went to sleep over his work.（在⋯的时候）
(2)She is over 40 inches round the waist.（超过）
(3)Can you stay over Sunday?（时间超过）
(4)He spoke to me over his shouder.（转过头）
(5)Snow is falling over the north of England.（遍及）
(6)He lost control over himself.（对于）
(7)Over the past decade, we have made much progress.（在⋯期间）
(8)We learn English over the radio.（通过）
与over 搭配的词主要有：
all over（遍及，到处）
gain [have] an advantage over（优于，胜过）
priority over（先于，优于）
victory over（取得⋯⋯胜利）
be predominant over（占优势）
control (n. ) over（控制）
triumph (n. )over（胜过）
command over（控制）
20.to
(1)The story brought us to tears.（至某种状态）
(2)We got wet to the skin.（至某种状态）
(3)It is nothing to what it might be.（比较）
(4)They erected a monument to the hero.（向⋯表敬意）
(5)To my shame, I completely forgot our date.（使）
(6)There is a tendency to improvement.（趋向）
(7)Let’s drink to her health.（为了）
(8)Water is to fish what air is to man.（对于）
(9)The old lady was singing to the piano.（根据，伴随）
(10)The food is not to my taste.（适合）
①过去分词+to
accustomed to (+n.)（习惯于）
attached to (n. )（附属于，隶属于）
(be) used to (n. )（习惯于）
(be) known to sb.（为⋯所熟知）
known as（以⋯著称）
bound to (v. )（一定，必定）
②形容词+to
able to (v. )（能够）
adjacent to (n.)（邻近的，毗连的）
apparent to（明显的）
appropriate to（适当的）
contrary to（与⋯相反）
due to（应支付的，应到达的）
comparable to（可比拟的）
close to（接近）
deaf to（不听）
equivalent to（相等的，等值的）
familiar to（熟悉的）
foreign to（无关的，不相干的）
grateful to（感激的）
helpful to（有帮助的）
inaccessible to（达不到的）
indispensable to（必不可少的）
liable to（有⋯倾向的，易于⋯的）
opposite to（对立的，相反的）
preferable to（更可取的）
proportional to（成比例的，相称的）
relevent to（有关的）
responsible to（负责的）
similar to（相似的）
subordinate to（从属的，次要的）
about to (+v. )（即将）
alien to (+n. )（相异的）
applicable to（可适用的）
beneficial to（有益的）
dear to（珍贵的）
convenient to（方便的）
blind to（视而不见）
common to（共同的）
equal to（相等）
essential to（必不可少的）
fit to（适合的）
fundamental to（根本的）
harmful to（有害的）
identical to（相同的）
inadequate to（不适当的，不充足的）
indifferent to（漠不关心的）
layal to（忠实的）
parallel to（相同的，类似的）
previous to（在⋯之前）
relative to（相关的）
resistant to（抵抗的）
sensitive to（敏感的，易受伤害的）
subject to（易遭⋯的，受⋯支配的）
③名词+to
access to（获得，接近）
answer to（答案）
approach to（途径，方法）
attitude to [towards]（对⋯看法）
claim to（要求）
exception to（例外）
admission to（接纳，收容）
appeal to（吸引）
(pay) attention to（注意）
application to（应用）
correspondence to（相当的，对应）
endeavour to (+v. )（努力，试图）
exposure to（暴露于）
(in) debt to（欠债）
introduction to（介绍，入行）
key to（答案）
reference to（涉及，提及）
resistance to（抵抗）
step to [towards]（步骤）
tendency to（倾向）
failure to (+v. )（失败）
guide to（指导）
liberty to（自由）
objection to（反对）
preference to（偏爱，优先）
permission to（允许）
appendix to（附录，附属）
solution to（解决办法）
④to+n.名词
up to date（最新，跟上时代）
to the point（切题）
to the advantage（益处，优势）
to one’s liking（合某人心意）
to one’s taste（适合口味）
come to the point（说到要点）
put to use（使用）
to one’s satisfaction（使某人高兴，使人满意）
to one’s credit（使某人增光，值得赞扬）
to the utmost（尽力）
to the best of one’s knowledge（就某人所知）
21.under
(1)Children under the age of 18 are mot allowed to drink alcohol.
（低于）
(2)The bill is mow under discussion.（处于⋯状态中）
(3)Preparations for a big celebration were under way.（正在进行
中）
与under 搭配的词主要有：
under control（在控制下）
under consideration（在考虑中）
under repair（在修理）
under the cover (of)（以⋯为掩护）
under discussion（在讨论中）
under the circumstances（在这些情形下）
22.with
(1)They were trembling with fear.（由于）
(2)John always does the work with his whole heart.（方式）
(3)It becomes chilly with the approach of sunset.（随着）
(4)It rests with you to decide.（由⋯负责）
(5)We must be patient with her.（对于）
(6)I am with you in what you say.（赞成）
(7)Does this blue go well with this green?（和谐）
(8)With all her faults, I still admire her.（尽管，纵然）
(9)I have got no pen to write with.（工具）
(10)A man grows wiser with age.（随着，按⋯比例）
(11)With some people, pleasure is more important than work.（对⋯
来说）
①形容词+with
busy with（忙于）
consistent with（前后一致）
familiar with（熟悉的）
identical with（同一的）
parallel with（平行的）
comparable with（与⋯相比）
content with（满足的）
flush with（齐平的，同高的）
incompatible with（不相容的，不一致的）
wrong with（有毛病的）
②名词+with
(keep) company with（与⋯结伴）
dissatisfaction with（不满）
interference with（妨碍，打扰）
(keep/hold) pace with（跟上，与⋯同步）
correspondence with（符合，一致）
(be)friends with（与⋯友好，交朋友）
(fall in) love with（相爱，爱上）
sympathy with（一致）
③过去分词+with
concerned with（关心；从事于）
satisfied with（满意）
fed up with（感到厌烦）
loaded with（装满）
④with+名词+of/to
with the exception to（例外）
with respect to（关于）
with a view to (+n. )（为了）
with the purpose to（为了）
with an eye to (+n. )（为了）
⑤with+名词
with ease（容易地，不费力）
with reserve（有保留地）
23.within
(1)The task is within her powers.（在⋯范围内）
(2)The Smiths live within their income.（量入为出）
(3)You should keep a good dictionary within reach.（手边）
与within 搭配的主要有：
within one’s rights（某人权力范围内）
within hearing（在听得到的地方）
within sight（在看得到的地方）
within call（在叫得应的地方）
within limits（在一定范围内）
24.without
(1)The rumour was without foundation.（没有）
(2)He can’t speak German without making mistakes.（不）
与without 搭配的词主要有：
without question（没问题）
without exception（没有例外）
without reserve（无保留）
without regard to（不考虑，不顾）
without doubt（毫无疑问）
without fail（必定）
(goes) without saying（不用说）
25.成语介词
(1)He arrived two hours ahead of schedule.（在⋯前）
(2)The students worked along with their teachers.（和⋯一起）
(3)The answer is correct apart from a spelling mistake.（= except
for）
(4)I could hardly see anyone apart from John and Mary.（= except）
(5)Apart from other considerations, time is a factor.（= besides）
(6)The house is in perfect condition except for a broken window.
（其中的for 表示理由或细节，用以修正前面所说的情况）。
(7)As to your second question, I’m afraid it’s beyond me.（至于）
(8)Swimming is a useful skill, asidefrom being fun.（= besides）
（除了）
(9)But for your help, I should have failed.（要不是）
(10)Thanks to your advice, we succeeded.（幸亏，多亏）
(11)The waiters get good tips over and above their wages.（除⋯
之外）
(12)I prefer bananas among other things.（其中，尤其）
(13)Please don’t leave here on account of her.（为了，因为）
(14)With the view of saving trouble, we left.（为了⋯的目的）
(15)They rushed out in spite of the rain.（不顾，尽管）
(16)The accident was due to careless driving.（由于）（due to
主要用作表语或置于名词后作定语，且最好别置于句首）。
(17)Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled on time.
（由于）
(18)She is up to his father as a scholar.（赶得上，达到）
(19)He is not up to dirty tricks.（从事）
(20)The ship is going from New York o California via the Panama
Canal.（经由）
下列短语也应引起注意：
to and fro（来回）
off and on（断断续续）
or so（左右，大约）
and so on/forth（等等）
back and forth（来回，往返）
综 合 练 习 （一）
1. The findings are far ________ satisfactory.
A)from B)to C)without D)into
2. The machine went out of control ________ mishandling.
A)as for B)via C)because of D)over
3. I have no objection ________ spending the evening with them.
A)against B)to C)for D)in
4. Accidentally or _______ purpose, many of the students fell ill
at the same time.
A)in B)with C)on D)for
5. Our professor has given up smoking ________ good.
A)in B)of C)for D)to
6. The energy that the sun radiates goes ________ every direction.
A)on B)at C)in D)toward
7. They have had a good harvest for three years ________
succession.
A)on B)after C)at D)in
8. ________ present we use the sun’s energy indirectly, and it may
be our only final source of power.
A)In B)For C)Until D)At
9. It took the new teacher months to bring his class ________
control.
A)in B)under C)beneath D)within
10. Take an umbrella with you ________ rain.
A)with respect B)in case of
C)in regard to D)on account of
11. Let’s try to use our intellect to ________.
A)the fullest benefit B)the best use
C)the highest profit D)the greatest advantage
12. These novels still have a great attraction ________ young
readers of today.
A)for B)of C)on D)towards
13. ________ the moment my car is being made ready for a long
journey.
A)In B)At C)Until D)By
14. The situation very soon got ________ in that country.
A)into hand B)out of hand
C)off hand D)at hand
15. When I was about thirteen, I suddenly developed a greatpassion
________ writing poetry.
A)for B)in C)on D)at
16. The policeman was ________ for thieves.
A)on the guard B)on the watch
C)on alert D)on examination
17. I helped him clean the floor ________ the understanding that
I would be awarded.
A)through B)on C)in D)by
18. They have always been on good ________ with their next-door
neighbours.
A)friendship B)relations
C)connection D)terms
19. There is not much time left, so I’ll tell you about it ________.
A)in detail B)in brief
C)in short D)in all
20. The chances of seeing a helicopter in my town are one ________
a million.
A)for B)to C)in D)against
21. Every dog that came ________ sight was a terror to me.
A)in B)on C)to D)at
22. He was running ________ the pace he had learnt from the natives.
A)on B)by C)at D)in
23. Modern man faces dangers completely unknown ________ his
predecessors.
A)for B)to C)of D)by
24. We went to see the exhibition ________ the storm.
A)despite of B)inspite of
C)in despite D)in spite of
25. ________ the ruin of 500 feet of the tunnel roof, traffic
resumed after only fifty-six hours.
A)With B)After C)Because D)Despite
26. The students responded ________ enthusiasm to the call of the
Party.
A)with B)to C)in D)for
27. A truck ________ with chemical substances caught fire and then
exploded.
A)loaded B)carried
C)crowded D)transported
28. The ground was black ________ ants, great energetic ants that
were busy running back and forth.
A)for B)in C)by D)with
29. The space shuttle is a magnificient step ________ making the
impossible possible.
A)for B)by C)in D)through
30. Layer ________ layer of deep snow means that, when melted, the
snow water would be pure.
A)above B)of C)upon D)over
31. In the fall, they looked back ________ the past year.
A)in B)of C)over D)at
32. The skyscraper stands out ________ the blue sky.
A)in B)against C)under D)beneath
33. We’ll let you know as soon as production gets ________.
A)on the way B)in the way
C)under way D)over the way
34. I wish I could do something ________ the kindmess I have
received from him.
A)in reply to B)in honor of
C)in respect to D)in return for
35. ________ a natural consequence he always looks absolutely
delightful.
A)In B)On C)For D)As
36. ________ my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been
at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.
A)At B)On C)With D)During
37. Standing on the seashore, we could just see the ship on the
________.
A)distance B)vision C)horizon D)view
38. We should not be ignorant ________ the progress being made in
other countries.
A)with B)in C)of D)to
39. Although he thought he was helping us prepare the dinner, he
was actually ________ the way.
A)in B)by C)off D)on
40. I am very grateful for your assistance, and hope that one day
I may be able to do something for you ________.
A)in return B)in turn C)in case D)in full
41. ________ being used in industry, laser can be applied to
operations in the hospital.
A)Except for B)In addition to
C)Out of D)In spite of
42. He didn’t go into detail on the subject; he spoke ________.
A)in common B)in particular
C)in general D)in short
43. The plane is ten minutes ________ time.
A)after B)behind C)for D)on
44. The travellers sought shelter ________ the rain and happened
to find a roadside inn.
A)from B)by C)for D)with
45. He climbed up the tree and picked all the fruits ________ reach.
A)near B)inside C)within D)at
46. His few personal belongings make it possible for him to move
from place to place________.
A)in ease B)at ease
C)with ease D)with easiness
47. I paid several visits to my friend ________ my stay in Hong
Kong.
A)in B)within C)to D)during
48. I don’t want to lend any more money to him; he’s already in
debt ________ me.
A)to B)for C)of D)with
49. The author gave an example ________ support of his argument.
A)for B)to C)in D)with
50. I am very sorry but ________ the circumstances I must give it
up.
A)on B)upon C)below D)under
51. The vocabulary of any technical discussion may include words
which are never used outside the subject of field ________.
A)in view B)in question
C)in case D)in effect
52. I must finish my task, otherwise I’ve started it all ________.
A)for nothing B)for something
C)for anything D)for everything
53. At the discussion, the expert ________ computer science raised
questions of various kinds.
A)for B)about C)to D)in
54. Many dreams can be interpreted as implying a ________ for a
mew way of life or new values.
A)look B)worry
C)conflict D)search
55. There may be mistakes occasionally, but ________, it is the
best book on the subject.
A)for all these B)for all those
C)for all that D)for all of it
56. I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.
A)in B)by C)with D)at
57. Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as
poor eating habits, which ________ increase the risk of heart disease.
A)in turn B)in return
C)by chance D)by turns
58. ________ recent development we do not think this step
advisable.
A)In view of B)With a view of
C)In regard of D)With regard to
59. During that hard winter, the workers in Detroit went________
strike.
A)into B)in C)on D)to
60. John did it ________ his will.
A)at B)in C)to D)against
61. These are the first steps ________ the abolition of nuclear
weapons.
A)of B)towards C)into D)during
62. I know nothing about him ________ he is a teacher.
A)apart from B)except C)besides D)except that
63. He is indifferent ________ hardships and dangers.
A)of B)at C)in D)to
64. The key ________ success is hard work and persistence.
A)on B)for C)to D)of
65. ________ his learning he was a very stupid man.
A)At all B)In all C)Above all D)For all
66. He felt it rather difficult to take a stand ________ the opinion
of the majority.
A)against B)by C)to D)in
67. He had been going without food for two days and would die of
hunger ________ a week.
A)in B)after C)through D)by
68. I didn’t buy the apples; She gave them to me ________ nothing.
A)with B)as C)for D)by
69. It’s ________ my power to make final decision on the matter.
A)off B)outside C)above D)beyond
70. We all believe he is qualified ________ the position.
A)in B)with C)at D)for
71. We shall have arrived ________ the time you return here.
A)by B)after C)in D)within
72. Your poor father and I have suffered very much ________.
A)of late B)later C)of lately D)late
73. I knew her ________ but I have never actually spoken to her.
A)from sight B)at sight
C)by sight D)on sight
74. Allen and I are in the same history class, but his assignment
is different ________ mine.
A)with B)from C)against D)to
75. His honesty is ________: nobody can doubt it.
A)in question B)out of the question
C)beside the question D)without question
76. You must study the subject ________ in order to understand it.
A)at length B)at least C)at large D)at stake
77. The government is determined ________ prohibiting the
possession of hand-guns or other weapons by civilians.
A)concerning B)as regards
C)as regard with D)in connection for
78. The books, ________, pay little attention to that problem.
A)as a whole B)as a rule
C)to the rule D)to the whole
79. It’s a pity that he is blind ________ his own fault.
A)at B)with C)by D)to
80. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and________
in a quiet environment.
A)before all B)first of all
C)after all D)above all
81. Cheques drawn on a bank can be cashed ________.
A)on demand B)with demand
C)by demand D)from demand
82. Please hand in your papers ________.
A)in right order B)in the right order
C)in the right orders D)in a right order
83. There is no point ________ time.
A)to waste B)of wasting
C)on wasting D)in wasting
84. The historical events of that period are arranged ________.
A)in alphabetical order B)in an alphabetical order
C)in the alphabetical orders D)in alphabetical orders
85. He was ________ his wits’ end what to do.
A)in B)on C)at D)of
综 合 练 习 答 案 （一）
1. A) 9. B) 17. B) 25. D) 33. C)
2. C) 10. B) 18. D) 26. A) 34. D)
3. B) 11. D) 19. B) 27. A) 35. D)
4. C) 12. A) 20. C) 28. D) 36. B)
5. C) 13. B) 21. A) 29. C) 37. C)
6. C) 14. B) 22. C) 30. C) 38. C)
7. D) 15. A) 23. B) 31. C) 39. A)
8. D) 16. B) 24. D) 32. B) 40.A)
41. B) 50. D) 59. C) 68. C) 77. B)
42. C) 51. B) 60. D) 69. D) 78. B)
43. B) 52. A) 61. B) 70. D) 79. D)
44. A) 53. D) 62. D) 71. A) 80. D)
45. C) 54. D) 63. D) 72. A) 81. A)
46. C) 55. C) 64. C) 73. C) 82. A)
47. D) 56. A) 65. D) 74. B) 83. D)
48. A) 57. A) 66. A) 75. D) 84. A)
49. C) 58. A) 67. A) 76. A) 85. C)
第十四章 动词惯用搭配
研究生入学考试中，有关动词惯用搭配的考题占有很大的比例。这部分
考题主要涉及短语动词和动词短语两部分，前者指“动词+介词”、“动词+
副词”或“动词+副词+介词”所构成的固定搭配；后者主要指“动词+名词”、
“动词+名词+介词”、“动词+形容词”等所构成的固定搭配。为了便于考生
复习，我们将它们分门别类，归纳总结。值得注意的是，有的短语意思不止
一个，具体含义要视上下文而定。在这里我们向大家提供丰富的练习。
第一节 短语动词归纳
1. 动词+about
boast about （自夸，自耀）
bring about （带来，造成）
care about （关心）
come about （发生）
complain about （报怨）
hang about （徘徊，逗留）
inquire about （询问）
quarrel about （争吵，争论）
set about （开始，着手）
worry about （对⋯感到烦恼）
2. 动词+across
come across （偶然遇到，找到）
cut across （走捷径，抄近路）
get across to （解释清楚，使人了解）
put across （解释清楚，说明）
3. 动词+after
ask after （问候）
go after （追求）
model after（模仿）
name after （以⋯命名）
seek after （探索）
take after （与⋯相像）
4. 动词+against
compete against （竞争，对抗）
defend⋯against （保卫⋯不受）
prevail against [over] （战胜）
react against （反对，起反作用）
5. 动词+as
act as （充当）
refer to⋯as （把⋯当作）
serve as （作为，用作）
known as （以⋯著称；闻名）
6. 动词+aside
lay aside （把⋯放置一边；储蓄）
put aside （储存，保留）
set aside （挑出，留出；拒绝）
7. 动词+at
aim at （目的在于，旨在）
arrive at （达成，得出）
call at （访问某地）
direct at （指向，针对）
get at （得到，接近；弄懂；意指）
glance at （扫视）
point at （指向，表明）
preside at （主持）
stare at （凝视）
swear at （咒骂）
wonder at （诧异，惊奇）
8. 动词+away
clear away （扫除，收拾）
die away （渐渐消失）
get away （逃脱，离开）
give away （泄露；分送）
pass away （去世）
put away （放好，收好；储存）
take away （消除，消耗）
throw away （扔掉，抛弃）
while away （消磨时间）
turn away （不欢迎，拒绝看，逐出）
9. 动词+back
cut back （削减，降低）
fall back （后退，撤退）
hang back （犹豫，畏缩）
give back （送还；恢复）
hold back （退缩；阻止，抑制）
have back （要回，收回）
look back （回顾，回头看）
keep back （阻止；隐瞒，保留）
set back （推迟，阻碍）
pay back （偿还，回报）
talk back （顶嘴）
10. 动词+by
abide by （坚持，遵守）
benefit by （受益）
divide by （除）
drop by （顺便来访）
get by （通过，经过）
go by （过去）
live by （靠⋯为生，以⋯为食）
multiply by （乘以）
profit by （获益于）
stand by （支持；袖手旁观）
11. 动词+down
back down [off] （放弃，让步，退却）
break down （损坏，分解，瓦解；身体垮掉，失去控制）
bring down （打倒，挫伤；降低）
cut down （削减，降低）
die down （渐渐消失，平息）
get down （写下；从⋯下来）
go down （下降；被载入；传下去）
hand down （留传下来，往下传）
keep down （控制，镇压；放低）
knock down （撞倒，击倒）
lay down （放下；制定；铺设）
let down （使失望；降低）
pull down （拆毁；拉下）
put down （镇压，平定；记下，放下）
run down （追捕，追查出；撞倒，撞沉）
set down （卸下，放下，记入）
settle down （定居，过安定生活）
take down （记下，写下）
turn down （拒绝；关小，调低）